Female to Male Gender-Affirming Surgery: Abdominofalloplasty Technique
Gender-affirming surgeries aim to align an individual’s physical sex with their gender identity. In this article, we will discuss the abdominofalloplasty technique used in female to male gender-affirming surgeries. This technique aims to modify the body structure to match male gender characteristics.
What is the Abdominofalloplasty Technique?
The abdominofalloplasty technique is a method used in phalloplasty, which involves creating a penis. In this technique, tissues are taken from the abdominal area to construct a new penis. The goal is to create a natural-looking and functional penis.
Surgery Process
Preparation Phase: Before the surgery, the patient’s overall health is assessed. Hormonal treatments and psychological support play a crucial role in this process. The surgeon determines if the patient is suitable for surgery and creates a surgical plan.
Tissue Harvesting from the Abdominal Area: In the abdominofalloplasty surgery, a large tissue piece is taken from the abdominal area. This tissue piece forms the basis of the new penis. The abdominal tissue is preferred because it provides sufficient thickness and flexibility.
Penis Creation: The harvested tissue is shaped into a penis. At this stage, preserving the blood circulation of the tissue is of utmost importance. Surgeons carefully protect the vessels that will nourish the tissue, thus forming the penis structure. An erectile implant can be placed in a later stage, usually several months after the penis has healed.
Urethra Creation: Depending on the technique and the patient’s wishes, the urethra can be lengthened so that the patient can urinate while standing; in abdominal phalloplasty this is often performed as a separate stage. Successfully creating the urethra is one of the most critical stages of the surgery.
Scrotum Creation and Implants: After the penis is formed, a scrotum (testicular sac) is created. Testicular implants are placed into this scrotum, providing an aesthetic and functional completeness.
Final Touches: Once the penis and scrotum structures are completed, final aesthetic touches are made. Skin grafts and other surgical techniques are used to achieve a natural appearance.
Post-Surgery Period
In the post-surgery period, the patient’s healing process is closely monitored. The healing time can vary from person to person but generally takes a few months. During this period, necessary precautions are taken to reduce the risk of infection and speed up healing. The patient should attend regular doctor check-ups during the post-surgery period.
Advantages and Disadvantages
The abdominofalloplasty technique is effective in creating a natural-looking and functional penis. However, there are some disadvantages to this method. Since a large tissue piece is taken from the abdominal area, there may be scarring, and the healing process can be long. Additionally, the success of the surgery depends on the surgeon’s experience and the patient’s overall health condition.
Conclusion
In female to male gender-affirming surgeries, the abdominofalloplasty technique is a significant option. This technique helps patients achieve a body that aligns with their gender identity. The surgery process requires meticulous preparation and surgical skill. A successful surgery positively impacts the patients’ quality of life and psychological well-being.
Gender-affirming surgeries are a crucial turning point in individuals’ lives. Innovative surgical methods like the abdominofalloplasty technique make this process safer and more effective. Those who want to learn more about these surgeries should consult with expert doctors and get detailed information.
Frequently Asked Questions
In how many stages is female-to-male gender affirmation performed?
The process usually consists of stages such as hormone therapy, chest surgery (mastectomy), removal of the uterus and ovaries, and creation of a penis (phalloplasty). The order and number of stages are planned individually.
How long is recovery after phalloplasty?
Phalloplasty is a major operation. The hospital stay is usually 2 days and return to daily life usually takes 2 weeks. Heavy work and sport are usually avoided for 3 months. The duration depends on the technique used and on the person.
Which reports are required before surgery?
In Turkey, court permission is required; during the court process, a health board report is obtained in a hospital after psychiatric and endocrinological assessment. For foreign patients, a psychiatric report is sufficient.
Is it possible to have children after female-to-male gender affirmation?
If the uterus and ovaries have been removed, pregnancy is not possible. Those who may want biological children in the future should discuss egg freezing before treatment.
Medically reviewed by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ozan Balık. Last updated: 23 October 2026
The information on this page is for general information only; always consult your doctor for diagnosis and treatment.